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08/30/11 - Review of First-Order ODE Solution techniques and Integrating Factors
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  | Review of methods learned so far for solving first-order ODEs
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  | First derivative depends only on independent variable?
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  | Integrating factors and first-order linear ODEs
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  | ODEs of the form: y' = a(t)y + f(t) are called first-order linear ODEs. They are first-order because the highest derivative is the first derivative. They are linear because the first derivative depends directly only on y to the first power (not y2 or y1/2 or sin(y) or y-1 or etc.). Note that the coefficient of the linear term (the one with y) can be any function of t. That is, a(t) does not need to be linear in t. It's only the dependent variable that must be linear. First-order linear ODEs can be solved by finding an integrating factor of the form:

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Move the linear term (3y) to the left side of the equation:
 Multiply each term by the integrating factor: 

Notice that the left side of the equation is the derivative of a product:

So,

Thus,

Check:

Substituting y and y' into the original ODE:



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  |  Move the linear term (2y) to the left side of the equation and multiply each term by the integrating factor: 
 Recognize that the left side is the derivate of the product ye-2t, so:

 Apply the initial condition y(0) = 1:


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  | Read pp. 47-51 of the text.
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  | Do exercises p. 55 (5, 13, 15, 19, 22, 28).
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