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11/18/09 - Harmonic Motion and Elasticity
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  | Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
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  | Simple harmonic motion is quite common and describes the motion of an object when it's displacement causes a restoring force F = -kx. The motion of a mass on a spring or a swinging pendulum are typical examples.
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  | This means the amplitude of oscillation follows a sine or a cosine curve with constant period.
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  | Even as the amplitude decays due to air resistance or friction, the period remains constant.
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  | The graph below shows simple harmonic motion as a function of time with an amplitude of 5, a frequency of 2 cycles per second, a period of 0.5 seconds per cycle, and an angular velocity of 4π radians per second:
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  | Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion
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  | As a point moves at a constant speed around a circle, its projection (shadow) onto the y-axis traces out a sine curve.
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  | As a point moves at a constant speed around a circle, its projection (shadow) onto the x-axis traces out a cosine curve.
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  | A pendulum (and most vibrating or oscillating objects) undergoing small-amplitude swings moves harmonically, meaning its period doesn't depend on amplitude.
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  | Oscillating mass on a spring and energy
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  | Read pp. 348-362 and 366-368 of the text.
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